Compound Sentece and Compound-Compex Sentence

     COMPOUND SENTENCE AND COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE        

(last syntax summary)

Assalamu’alaikum wr,wb

What’s up guys !

In this occasion we are going to continue our discussion about SETENCES that haven’t finish last week. Did you remember it ?

                                   COMPOUND SENTENCE                                    

It contains two or more independent clause and no subordinate clauses. Independent clause maybe joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction, by correlative conjunction, b semicolon (:), by conjunctive adverb or by transitional expression.

Cordinative Conjunction

These conjunction join equal sentence parts. These are seven coordinate conjunctions:

For (Reason)

And (Argumentation)

Nor (Contrast)

But (Contrast)

Or (Contrast)

Yet (Contrast)

So (Reason)

Correlativ Conjunction

These conjunction, as seen in the case of compound subjects and predicates, are used in pairs.

Either ... or ...

Neither ... nor ...

Both ... and ...

Not only ... but also

Conjunctive Adverbs

These adverbs, like coordinate and correlative conjunction, are used to connect basic sentence patterns and make compound sentences.

Also

Incidentally

Next

Indeed

Noneless

Besides

Instead

Otherwise

Consequently

Likewise

Anywaystill

Finally

Then

Meanwhile

Futhermore

Moreover

Therefore

However

Nevertheless

Thus

Transitional Expressions

These expression are usually prepositional phrase used as adverbs.

After all

As a result

At any rat

By the way

For example

For instance

Even so

In fact

In other words

On the contrary

On the oter hand

In addition

Examples Compound Sentences

a). Everyone was busy, so I watched the movie alone.

b). Should we start class now, or wait for everyone to get here?

c). She did not cheat on the test, for it was the wrong thing to do.

d). We should turn our assignment before 12 o’clock; otherwise, the professor will not accepted them.

e). Check back tomorrow; I will see if the book has arrived. (with semicolon)

                               COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE                         

It is the most complicated sentences. Contains two or more independent clauses (coordinate) and at least one dependent clause (subordinate).

Examples Compound-Complex Sentence

a). Rina doesn’t like cartoons because they are loud, so she doesn’t watch them.

b). My sister doesn’t like –drama because it is boring, so he ignore it.

c). Usually I take a walk everyday while the sun sets, but it was raining today.

d). I can start a conversation that makes people interested, but it’s hard to keep it going because I often run out of things to say.

How To Make Compound-Complex Sentence?

Step 1 : Make first independent clause

The cat jumped into the couch.

Step 2 : Make second independet clause

The cat sat down on top of the remote.

Step 3 : Make dependent clause

When Nanda was reaching for the remote control.

Step 4 : Put it together with conjunctions

The cat jumped into the couch and the cat sat down on top of the remote control when Nanda was reaching for the remote control.

Or

The cat jumped into the coach and sat down on top of the remote control when Nanda was reaching for it.

Or

When Nanda was reaching remote control, the cat jumped into the coach and sat down on top of the remote control.

Alhamdulillah this is the last summary about syntax taks in my blog. But it’is not the end about my blog, next time we will meet again and discuss about the other material or etc. that more intersting. Aamiin. Thanks for reading guys... J

Honorable miss ENDANG SARTIKA who is my beloved syntax’s lecturer, I collect these summary to fulfil my assignment. Thank you miss, because of you, so I can  make and write on blog like this. I’m sorry for the bad and wrong blog, because this is my first experience written on blog and i’m still learn about it. I waiting for your comment to my blog, so that it will be better for the next.

Thank you so much J

Wassalamu’alaikum wr,wb. See youu..

How many kinds of sentences ?

SIMPLE SENTENCE AND COMPLEX SENTENCE

Welcome back to my blog my beloved reader...

Last material, we have discussed about clauses clearly. Now we’re going to learn about simple and complex sentence. This materials are more complicated than before. So, I do hope that you pay attention carefully. Okay, let’s check it out!

Before that, do you know what is sentence?

Sentence is a group of words that expressing a complete thought. The sentence must consist of a verb and a predicate.

Simple sentence

A simple sentence is a complete which contains a subject and a verb followed by other words which make up the meaning.

Example:

The bird flew away.       è It’s a sentence

The man in the street.    è It’s not a sentence (because there is no verb)

A complete sentence must contain at least one subject and one predicate. However sometimes the subject/the predicate or both may be compound.

The sentence below are all simple sentences eventhough they have compound parts:

·  Compoud subjects: Apes and monkeys are primates.

·  Compound predicates: Scientists observe and study wildlife.

· Compound subjects and predicates: Jane and Jono observed and studied primates in the wild.

IMPORTANT

1. Phrase : A group of words that are not  complete thoughts and cannot stand alone. It is missing either a subject or verb.

2. Clause : A group of words with a subject and verb. Clauses can be either independent or dependent.

3. Sentence : A group of words with a subject and a verb. That is a complete thought.

               
                Complex Sentence                                                                        

A complex sentence consists of a dependent clause and an independent clause.

What is clause?

A clause is a group of words within a subject and verb.

Independent clause is a group of words that has a subject and verb. It is used as a part of sentence but is grammatically independent and it could stand alone.

Example: I love you.

Dependent clause is a clause which doesn’t express complete thought and need a main clause to express complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence.

Example: When I love you...

Although Beta works full-time, he still finds time to study.

(Dependent clause),                    (Independent cluse)

Independent Clause + Dependent Clause = Complex Sentence 

Types of Dependent Clauses

There are three types of dependent clause as we had been discussed last time.

1.  Adverbial Clause
  The function of adverb clause is to modify (describe) the situation in main clause in the term of  “time”, Frequency (how often), cause and effect, contrast, condition, intensity (to what extent). A dependent adverb clause begins with an subordinating conjunction such as:

Time : when, whenever, since, until, before,            after, etc.

Cause and effect : because, now that, as long.                               as.

Contrast : although, even, whereas, while,                      though.

Condition : if, unless, only, if, wheter or not,                     efen if, etc.

Notice !

Pattern 1 : Dependent clause + comma + Independent clause

Although Ahmad was sick, He went to school.

Pattern 2 : Independent clause + Dependent clause ( No comma )

Ahmad went to school although he was sick.

2. Adjective/Relative Clause
  An adjective clause works like adjective in a sentence. The function of an edjective is to modify (describe) a noun or a pronoun.

Example:

The knight, who called sir George killed the dragon.

  

Adjective clause begins with relative pronoun

(who, that, whom, whose, which) or relative verb

(wen and where). Adjective (relative) clause can be restrictive or nonrestrictive clause.

 Restrictive Clause

A restrictive clause limits the meaning of 

preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

The student in the class who studied a lot passed the test.

  Nonrestrictive clause

A nonrestrictive clause tells us something about preceding noun or pronoun but does non limit the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

  The student in the class who attended all the lectures, passed the test.

3.   Noun clause

    A noun clause function as a noun in the  sentence. It can be   either a subject or an object. No comma are necessary.   There are three types of noun clause below:

· That-clauses are made rom statements and are introduce by the subordinator that . Example:

The bulletin states that sciences courses require a laboratory period.

Scientists believe that they can discover the medicine for HIV.

·   Wh-word clauses

Example:

I don’t know where the student cafetaria is.

·   If/ whether clauses

Example:

I don’t know whether I should look for a job or continue my study.

                                Review                               

·  Simple : My friend invited me to a party. I   don’t want to go.

·  Compound : My friend invited me to a party,   but I don’t want to go.

·  Complex : Although my friend invited me to   a party, I don’t want to go.

That’s all about simple and complex sentences. Are you have understood it ? Step by step it’s okay,we are still study. Don’t worry to try and more practice! See you...

Cas Cis Cus Belajar Clauses !

THE CLAUSES

Assalamu’alaikum....

Hi guys, today we’re going to discuss about “CLAUSES”. It’s interesting right? Okay, Let’s check it out!

                             Definition of Clauses                           

A clause is a group of related words containing a subect and a predicate.

Example: She Teach.

A clause refer to a group of related words (within a sentence or itself as an independent sentence) which has both subject and predicate.

Example: He will visit his grandmother in Malang

(“He” as a subject, “will visit his gradmother” as a predicate, and “In Malang” as a phrase).

A clause may stand as a simple sentence or may join another clause to make a sentence. Therefore a sentence consist of one, two or more clauses.

                                 Kinds of Clauses                             

Clauses are divided into main clause (also called independent clause)  and subordinate clauses (called dependent clause).

1.   Main Cause (Independent Clause)

Main clause is a group of words that has a subject and verb. It is used as a part of sentence but is grammatically independent and it could stand alone.

Example:

Because you come late more than 30 minutes, you are not allowed to enter the class.

2.   Subordinate Clause (Dependent Clause)

Subordinate clause is a clause which doesn’t express complete thought and need a main clause to express complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence.

Example:

When you meet someone.....

                         Kinds of Dependent Clauses.                  

1.   Adverb Clause

The function of adverb clause is to modify (describe) the situation in main clause in the term of  “time”, Frequency (how often), cause and effect, contrast, condition, intensity (to what extent). A dependent adverb clause begins with an subordinating conjunction below:

Time : when, whenever, since, until, before, after, etc.

Cause and effect : because, now that, as long as.

Contrast : although, even, whereas, while, though.

Condition : if, unless, only, if, wheter or not, efen if, etc.

Examples:

Although Ahmad was sick, He went to school.

Ahmad went to school although he was sick.

Notice:                

If in an adverb clause come before the independent clause, it is followed by a comma (first sentence).

If it comes after the independent clause, no comma is used.

2.   Adjective Clause

An adjective clause works like adjective in a sentence. The function of an edjective is to modify (describe) a noun or a pronoun.

Example:

Clara wears a scarf which looks so beautiful.

Adjective clause begins with relative pronoun (who, that, whom, whose, which) or relative verb (wen and where). Adjective (relative) clause can be restrictive or nonrestrictive clause. 

   Restrictive Clause

A restrictive clause limits the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

The student in the class who studied a lot passed the test.

  Nonrestrictive clause

A nonrestrictive clause tells us something about preceding noun or pronoun but does non limit the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

The student in the class who attended all the lectures, passed the test.

3.   Noun clause

   A noun clause function as a noun in the sentence. It can be  either a subject or an object. No  comma are necessary. There are three types of noun clause below:

That-clauses are made rom statements and are introduce by the subordinator that .

Examples:

The bulletin states that sciences courses require a laboratory period.

Scientists believe that they can discover the medicine for HIV.

 Wh-word clauses

Example:

I don’t know where the student cafetaria is.

 If/ whether clauses

Example:

I don’t know whether I should look for a job or continue my study.

        Alhamdulillah finish...the discussion our material about the “CLAUSES” . Is this blog help            your asking about the clauses? Please give the comment on my blog ! thank you for reading guys....see you letter J

Wassalamu’alaikum wr,wb.