THE CLAUSES
Assalamu’alaikum....
Hi guys, today we’re going to discuss about
“CLAUSES”. It’s interesting right? Okay, Let’s check it out!
Definition
of Clauses
A clause is a group of
related words containing a subect and a predicate.
Example: She Teach.
A clause refer to a group of related words (within a
sentence or itself as an independent sentence) which has both subject and
predicate.
Example: He will visit his grandmother in Malang
(“He” as a subject, “will visit his
gradmother” as a predicate, and “In Malang” as a phrase).
A clause may stand as a simple sentence or may join
another clause to make a sentence. Therefore a sentence consist of one, two or
more clauses.
Kinds
of Clauses
Clauses are divided into
main clause (also called independent clause)
and subordinate clauses (called dependent clause).
1. Main Cause (Independent Clause)
Main clause is a group of words that
has a subject and verb. It is used as a part of sentence but is grammatically
independent and it could stand alone.
Example:
Because you come late more
than 30 minutes, you are not allowed to enter the class.
2. Subordinate Clause (Dependent Clause)
Subordinate clause is a clause which doesn’t
express complete thought and need a main clause to express complete thought. It
can stand alone as a sentence.
Example:
When you meet someone.....
Kinds of Dependent Clauses.
1. Adverb Clause
The function
of adverb clause is to modify (describe) the situation in main clause in
the term of “time”, Frequency
(how often), cause and effect, contrast, condition, intensity (to what extent).
A dependent adverb clause begins with an subordinating conjunction below:
Time : when, whenever, since,
until, before, after, etc.
Cause and effect : because, now that, as
long as.
Contrast : although, even,
whereas, while, though.
Condition : if, unless, only, if,
wheter or not, efen if, etc.
Examples:
Although Ahmad was sick, He went to school.
Ahmad went to school although he was
sick.
Notice:
If in an adverb clause
come before the independent clause, it is followed by a comma (first sentence).
If it comes after the
independent clause, no comma is used.
2. Adjective Clause
An adjective
clause works like adjective in a sentence. The function of an
edjective is to modify (describe) a noun or a pronoun.
Example:
Clara wears a scarf which looks so
beautiful.
Adjective clause begins
with relative pronoun (who, that, whom, whose, which) or relative verb (wen and
where). Adjective (relative) clause can be restrictive or nonrestrictive
clause.
Restrictive Clause
A restrictive clause limits the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.
Example:
The student in the class who studied a lot passed the test.
A restrictive clause limits the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.
Example:
The student in the class who studied a lot passed the test.
Nonrestrictive clause
A nonrestrictive clause tells us something about preceding noun or pronoun but does non limit the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.
Example:
A nonrestrictive clause tells us something about preceding noun or pronoun but does non limit the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.
Example:
The student in the class
who attended all the lectures, passed the test.
3. Noun clause
A noun clause function as a noun in the
sentence. It can be either a subject or an object. No comma are necessary.
There are three types of noun clause below:
That-clauses are made rom statements and are introduce by the
subordinator that .
Examples:
The bulletin states that sciences courses require a laboratory period.
Scientists believe that they can discover the medicine for HIV.
Examples:
The bulletin states that sciences courses require a laboratory period.
Scientists believe that they can discover the medicine for HIV.
Wh-word clauses
Example:
I don’t know where the student cafetaria is.
Example:
I don’t know where the student cafetaria is.
If/ whether clauses
Example:
I don’t know whether I should look for a job or continue my study.
Example:
I don’t know whether I should look for a job or continue my study.
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