How many kinds of sentences ?

SIMPLE SENTENCE AND COMPLEX SENTENCE

Welcome back to my blog my beloved reader...

Last material, we have discussed about clauses clearly. Now we’re going to learn about simple and complex sentence. This materials are more complicated than before. So, I do hope that you pay attention carefully. Okay, let’s check it out!

Before that, do you know what is sentence?

Sentence is a group of words that expressing a complete thought. The sentence must consist of a verb and a predicate.

Simple sentence

A simple sentence is a complete which contains a subject and a verb followed by other words which make up the meaning.

Example:

The bird flew away.       è It’s a sentence

The man in the street.    è It’s not a sentence (because there is no verb)

A complete sentence must contain at least one subject and one predicate. However sometimes the subject/the predicate or both may be compound.

The sentence below are all simple sentences eventhough they have compound parts:

·  Compoud subjects: Apes and monkeys are primates.

·  Compound predicates: Scientists observe and study wildlife.

· Compound subjects and predicates: Jane and Jono observed and studied primates in the wild.

IMPORTANT

1. Phrase : A group of words that are not  complete thoughts and cannot stand alone. It is missing either a subject or verb.

2. Clause : A group of words with a subject and verb. Clauses can be either independent or dependent.

3. Sentence : A group of words with a subject and a verb. That is a complete thought.

               
                Complex Sentence                                                                        

A complex sentence consists of a dependent clause and an independent clause.

What is clause?

A clause is a group of words within a subject and verb.

Independent clause is a group of words that has a subject and verb. It is used as a part of sentence but is grammatically independent and it could stand alone.

Example: I love you.

Dependent clause is a clause which doesn’t express complete thought and need a main clause to express complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence.

Example: When I love you...

Although Beta works full-time, he still finds time to study.

(Dependent clause),                    (Independent cluse)

Independent Clause + Dependent Clause = Complex Sentence 

Types of Dependent Clauses

There are three types of dependent clause as we had been discussed last time.

1.  Adverbial Clause
  The function of adverb clause is to modify (describe) the situation in main clause in the term of  “time”, Frequency (how often), cause and effect, contrast, condition, intensity (to what extent). A dependent adverb clause begins with an subordinating conjunction such as:

Time : when, whenever, since, until, before,            after, etc.

Cause and effect : because, now that, as long.                               as.

Contrast : although, even, whereas, while,                      though.

Condition : if, unless, only, if, wheter or not,                     efen if, etc.

Notice !

Pattern 1 : Dependent clause + comma + Independent clause

Although Ahmad was sick, He went to school.

Pattern 2 : Independent clause + Dependent clause ( No comma )

Ahmad went to school although he was sick.

2. Adjective/Relative Clause
  An adjective clause works like adjective in a sentence. The function of an edjective is to modify (describe) a noun or a pronoun.

Example:

The knight, who called sir George killed the dragon.

  

Adjective clause begins with relative pronoun

(who, that, whom, whose, which) or relative verb

(wen and where). Adjective (relative) clause can be restrictive or nonrestrictive clause.

 Restrictive Clause

A restrictive clause limits the meaning of 

preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

The student in the class who studied a lot passed the test.

  Nonrestrictive clause

A nonrestrictive clause tells us something about preceding noun or pronoun but does non limit the meaning of preceding noun or pronoun.

Example:

  The student in the class who attended all the lectures, passed the test.

3.   Noun clause

    A noun clause function as a noun in the  sentence. It can be   either a subject or an object. No comma are necessary.   There are three types of noun clause below:

· That-clauses are made rom statements and are introduce by the subordinator that . Example:

The bulletin states that sciences courses require a laboratory period.

Scientists believe that they can discover the medicine for HIV.

·   Wh-word clauses

Example:

I don’t know where the student cafetaria is.

·   If/ whether clauses

Example:

I don’t know whether I should look for a job or continue my study.

                                Review                               

·  Simple : My friend invited me to a party. I   don’t want to go.

·  Compound : My friend invited me to a party,   but I don’t want to go.

·  Complex : Although my friend invited me to   a party, I don’t want to go.

That’s all about simple and complex sentences. Are you have understood it ? Step by step it’s okay,we are still study. Don’t worry to try and more practice! See you...